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Tips for Maintaining Your Cat's Dental Health

Wed, 19 Jun 2024 19:13:11 GMT

Dental health is a crucial aspect of your feline friend's overall well-being. Just like humans, cats are susceptible to oral problems that can affect their quality of life. Often overlooked, proper dental care can prevent various health issues and save both you and your cat from significant discomfort and expenses.

This article aims to give you practical tips for maintaining your cat's dental health and underscore the importance of clean teeth.

The Importance of Cat Dental Health

Cats rely heavily on their teeth. Poor dental health can lead to serious conditions such as gingivitis, periodontitis, and even systemic issues like kidney or heart disease. It is essential to recognize that oral problems in cats might not always be apparent until they become severe. Regular dental check-ups at a veterinary clinic can help catch issues early and ensure your pet's teeth remain healthy.

Veterinary Clinic: Your Ally in Dental Health

Scheduling regular visits to a veterinary clinic is one of the most effective ways to keep your cat’s teeth clean. During these visits, veterinarians can conduct thorough oral examinations, scaling, and polishing. They are well-equipped to identify the early stages of dental disease and recommend appropriate treatments. Additionally, professional pet teeth cleaning performed by veterinarians is invaluable for removing plaque and tartar that cannot be addressed by at-home care alone.

Home Care: Brushing Your Cat’s Teeth

While professional cleanings by veterinarians are essential, maintaining your cat’s dental hygiene at home is equally important. Brushing your cat's teeth is one of the best preventive measures you can take. It might seem challenging initially, but it becomes manageable with patience and the right approach. Use a toothbrush designed specifically for cats and pet-safe toothpaste. Never use human toothpaste, as it can be toxic to your feline. Start by letting your cat get accustomed to the taste of the toothpaste and then gradually introduce the toothbrush. Aim to brush their teeth several times a week to prevent the buildup of plaque.

Diet and Dental Health

Diet plays a significant role in maintaining your cat's oral health. Dental-specific cat foods and treats are formulated to reduce plaque and tartar buildup. These products often have a texture that promotes chewing and scraping of the teeth, which can aid in maintaining clean teeth. Consult your veterinarian for recommendations on the best dental diets for your cat.

Chew Toys and Dental Treats

Incorporating dental toys and treats into your cat’s routine can also contribute to oral hygiene. Dental toys are designed to help clean your cat’s teeth and massage their gums as they chew. Similarly, dental treats contain ingredients that support oral health and fresh breath. These options can be a fun and effective supplement to brushing and professional cleanings.

Signs of Dental Problems

Being vigilant about changes in your cat’s behavior and appearance can help you identify potential dental issues early. Indicators of dental issues include halitosis, excessive drooling, pawing at the mouth, challenges with eating, or noticeable tartar accumulation. If you observe any of these symptoms, promptly schedule an appointment with your veterinary clinic for an evaluation.

The Cost of Neglecting Dental Health

Neglecting your cat's dental health can lead to expensive and painful consequences. Advanced dental diseases may require tooth extractions, which can be costly and stressful for your pet. Moreover, untreated dental issues can cause chronic pain and infections that could spread to other parts of the body. Investing in regular veterinary visits and at-home dental care can prevent these complications and ensure a healthier, happier life for your cat.

Dental health should not be an afterthought for cat owners. To learn more about dental health practices for your cat, contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic to schedule an appointment.

Should You Spay Or Neuter A Senior Dog?

Wed, 31 Jan 2024 14:28:18 GMT

Deciding whether or not to spay or neuter your senior dog can be a difficult decision. Many pet owners believe that once a dog reaches a certain age, it is too late to get them fixed. Here are some of the benefits and risks of spaying or neutering a senior dog.

We'll provide some guidance on how to make the best decision for your furry friend. Every dog is different, and age, breed, gender, overall health, and more come into play when it comes to the spay or neuter process.

The Benefits of Spaying or Neutering a Senior Dog

Spaying or neutering your dog prevents unwanted litters. If your female dog is not spayed, she can become pregnant, even in her senior years. This puts her at risk for pregnancy complications, such as a difficult delivery or a dangerous infection. Both of these situations can be potentially fatal, especially if they occur before your dog can make it to the vet's office for care and monitoring.

Neutering your male dog can also prevent him from impregnating a female, reducing the number of unwanted dogs in the world. It can also prevent wandering behaviors. Spaying or neutering can also reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, such as mammary cancer in female dogs and testicular cancer in male dogs.

The Risks of Spaying or Neutering a Senior Dog

One of the most significant risks of spaying or neutering your canine is the risk of surgery itself. As dogs age, they become more susceptible to complications from surgery than younger dogs. Additionally, older dogs may have underlying health conditions that could increase the risk of complications during and after surgery. There is also a risk of anesthesia complications in older dogs.

Before making the decision to spay or neuter your senior dog, make sure to discuss these risks and any other concerns and questions you have with your veterinarian.

Considerations When Spaying or Neutering a Senior Dog

First, make sure to have a thorough check-up with your veterinarian before scheduling the procedure since your dog is older. This will ensure that there are no underlying health conditions that could increase the risk of complications during surgery. Additionally, discuss pain management options with your veterinarian. Senior dogs may require more pain medication than younger dogs, so it's essential to find the right balance between pain relief and the risk of side effects. This way, your canine can be safely comfortable both during their surgery and after when they recover at home. Finally, make sure to give your senior dog plenty of time to recover from the procedure before returning to their normal activities.

Alternatives to Spaying or Neutering

You can try other methods of birth control, such as keeping your dog indoors during heat cycles or using a hormonal birth control pill. However, it's important to note that these methods are less effective than spaying or neutering in preventing unwanted litters. Additionally, keep in mind that not spaying or neutering your dog can increase their risk of specific health problems, such as cancer and reproductive system infections.

If you have decided to spay or neuter your senior dog, make sure to have a thorough discussion with your veterinarian and take additional precautions to ensure a safe and comfortable recovery. If you have decided not to spay or neuter, make sure to explore alternative methods of birth control and keep an eye out for any potential health problems that may arise. Ultimately, the decision should be based on what is best for your furry friend's health and well-being, so call our veterinarian specialists at Alta Vista

Veterinary Clinic to schedule an appointment.

How Can You Take Care of Your Senior Dog?

Thu, 30 Nov 2023 20:29:25 GMT

Caring for our canine friends as they advance in age can feel like navigating uncharted territory. Senior dogs have different care requirements than their younger counterparts and understanding these changes is key to ensuring their comfort and health in their old age.

As much as they've been a source of joy and companionship throughout their vibrant years, the time comes when we need to reciprocate this love by showing them extra care and comfort. Here are some various measures you can take to look after your senior dog and make their latter days joyful and comfortable.

Monitor Their Health

Because of their increased vulnerability to illness as they age, dogs need regular checkups and attention to any signs of distress. Making regular vet visits a priority is a great first step in monitoring your senior dog's health.

Your veterinarian will be able to give your dog a full checkup at each of these appointments. Your vet can also advise you on preventative measures like immunizations and dental cleanings.

In addition to taking your senior dog to the doctor regularly, you should also keep an eye on their health at home. You should notify your vet if you notice any changes in your pet's behavior, such as unusual patterns of eating, drinking, or urinating.

Keep an eye out for any changes in the mobility of senior dogs, such as increased stiffness, limping, or frailty. Also, look out for signs of illness which could take the form of incontinence, house accidents, or excessive barking or meowing.

Adjust Their Diet

Consult your vet for the best diet and nutrition for your elderly dog. They can tailor their advice to your dog's breed, stature, and activity level. This can ensure they receive the correct balance of essential nutrients for their stage of life.

Increasing the nutritional content of your dog's food may be one of the most important adjustments you need to make. Age-related inactivity in dogs can contribute to the development of obesity. Choose senior dog food as it has lower calorie and fat contents but more fiber to help maintain your dog's digestive health.

When planning a diet for your senior dog, you should consider any preexisting diseases. If they have dental issues, for instance, they may have trouble chewing tough foods. Your veterinarian may suggest switching to a softer diet or moistening their current food to make it more manageable.

Make Spaces More Accessible

Your elderly dog needs to be kept dry, warm, and inside when not being exercised. Protecting an older dog from humidity and high temperatures is vital since they may have a more difficult time maintaining a normal body temperature.

Also, your dog's bedding and mattress should be soft, comfy, and positioned in a warm, quiet spot that is simple to reach without mounting steps. Additional adjustments, such as positioning the bed in an uncluttered area to relieve anxiety, may be necessary if your dog has arthritis or vision loss.

You should also raise their bowls of food and water. As a result of this adjustment, dogs with neck or joint problems will have less discomfort. A dog stroller or wagon can also be a wonderful method to continue spending time outside with a dog that cannot walk for extended periods due to joint problems.

In addition, to protect your dog from harm in their elder years, you should train them to utilize a dog ramp before they need one. You can also instruct them to use a set of ramps or steps whenever they need to enter or exit the vehicle.

6 Reasons To Take Your Cat to the Vet for a Well-Visit

Fri, 22 Sep 2023 14:09:00 GMT

Why are regular vet visits important for your cat? Like people, pets need well-visit appointments every year with a medical provider. Take a look at the top reasons to schedule an annual appointment with their veterinarian.

1. Early Detection

You don't need to wait until your cat is sick, injured, or has strange symptoms to visit the vet. Early detection of health problems is one of the top reasons to schedule an annual well check-up with the veterinarian.

Your cat can't easily tell you if they don't feel well or are experiencing symptoms of a feline illness. Routine checkups include a thorough physical examination and assessment of vital signs. The vet may also perform diagnostic tests to identify any underlying health issues before they get the chance to become serious. This early detection can save your cat from unnecessary suffering and potentially from extensive or expensive treatments in the future.

2. Feline Vaccination

Vaccinations are part of feline preventative care. These immunizations protect cats from contagious and potentially life-threatening diseases, such as rabies. Your pet's veterinarian can customize a vaccination schedule based on your cat's age, lifestyle, and risk factors. This will help to keep them safe and reduce the risks of communicable disease.

There are two primary categories of feline vaccines—core and non-core. Core vaccines include immunizations for diseases common in the cat community and pose a high risk to household pets. Feline herpesvirus 1, feline calicivirus, feline panleukopenia virus, rabies, and feline leukemia vaccines are core immunizations your cat will need during their lifetime.

The non-core vaccines can also protect your cat against potentially life-threatening diseases. But these vaccines are considered optional. Feline immunodeficiency virus, feline chlamydia, and feline bordetella are examples of non-core vaccines.

Even though your cat may have already had core and non-core vaccines, they may still need additional immunizations during their well-visit. Most feline vaccines require routine booster injections or work best as part of a series.

3. Preventative Treatment

Does your cat have fleas? While you might not see your cat scratching, they could have fleas, get a tick bite, or have another pest-related issue in the future. The vet can assess their risk and provide them with a preventative treatment option.

4. Dental Health

Your cat can't brush their teeth. But this doesn't mean that they don't need dental care. Oral health is an often overlooked part of cat care. Dental issues, such as gum disease and tooth decay, can cause pain for your cat. Left untreated, these issues may also cause more severe health problems or make it almost impossible for your cat to eat.

Regular vet checkups often include a dental exam. If the vet feels your pet's teeth aren't in the best shape or sees clear signs of gum disease, they may recommend a specialized cleaning. Your vet can also offer advice on dental care routines to try at home.

5. Weight Management

Obesity is a serious concern for cats. It can lead to major health issues, including diabetes, joint problems, and heart disease. The veterinarian will weigh your cat at the start of the exam and can assess their body condition. They will use this information to provide you with additional guidance on nutrition and exercise. These tips will help you to help your cat maintain a healthy weight.

6. Behavioral Assessments

Does your cat constantly lick a beloved blanket, run and hide the moment they hear the slightest noise, or act aggressively on occasion? Changes in behavior or unwanted behaviors can signal an underlying health problem or result from a stressor in your cat's environment. The vet can address these types of issues, help you to understand your cat's behavior, and recommend treatment or management options.

Does your cat need an annual exam? Contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic for more information.

Why Is Your Dog Always Sick? Common Triggers for Constant Vomiting

Tue, 25 Jul 2023 15:04:26 GMT

As a loving pet owner, few things can cause as much concern as seeing your furry friend unwell. If your canine companion seems to channel their inner regurgitating machine more often than not, you might wonder what to do.

But before you spiral into a vortex of worry, you need to understand that dogs, like humans, can have their off days. However, constant bouts of vomiting are a different ball game altogether.

This post will discuss three common triggers for your dog's incessant upchucking and how to help them get back to chasing their tail in no time.

Dietary Changes

Dogs are creatures of habit, and changes in their diet can cause their sensitive digestive systems to go haywire. If you've recently swapped out your pup's regular kibble for a new brand or snuck in a few extra treats, that could cause your pup some distress.

There are particular dietary requirements depending on your dog's age, size, and breed. For instance, puppies need diets very different from those of senior dogs. So if you switch up your pup's diet to adult food, the sudden change can cause an upset stomach.

If you have to, introduce new food gradually and watch for upset stomach symptoms or vomiting. If your pup continues to struggle, switch back to the old kibble or consult your vet. Maybe your pup has a food intolerance you don't know about, which would require a specialized diet.

Parasites and Infections

Intestinal parasites, bacterial or viral infections, and other types of illnesses can also cause your dog to vomit. Parasites such as roundworms, tapeworms, and coccidia usually live in the intestines and can cause a massive stomach upset. In some cases, you can even see them in your dog's vomit or stool.

These microscopic hitchhikers can be picked up from the environment, other infected animals, or even through a flea bite. Signs of parasitic infection include diarrhea, vomiting, poor appetite, and weight loss. Your dog might also experience itchiness, excessive licking of the rear end, and abdominal pain.

Certain bacterial infections, such as salmonella or leptospirosis, can cause vomiting. These are often picked up from contaminated food or water or contact with other infected animals. Besides throwing up, your dog might also show other bacterial infection symptoms, such as diarrhea, lethargy, and fever.

In addition, viral infections like canine parvovirus can also cause your dog to throw up frequently. This virus is particularly dangerous, as it attacks your pup's digestive system and immune systems, which makes your pup weak and vulnerable to other illnesses. You might also notice bloody diarrhea, fever, and a lack of appetite.

Poisoning and Toxins

From household cleaners to chemical fertilizers, many toxins can wreak havoc on your dog's system. These everyday items may not seem dangerous to humans, but your canine companions are more sensitive to these chemicals and can react quickly with vomiting.

It's also worth mentioning that certain plants can be toxic to dogs. For example, azaleas are known for causing severe stomach upset in pets. If your pup has been snacking on these, they could be suffering the effects of poisoning if they start to throw up. So if you have any of these plants in your home or yard, keep them away from your pup at all costs.

Poisoning treatment depends on the type of toxin that your pup ingested. So if you suspect this to be the cause, take your pup to the vet immediately, and let them know what your pup has been up to. They could also perform a few tests to identify the toxin and give your pup medication to make them feel better.

If you have any other concerns about your pup's health, feel free to contact us at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic . We'd be more than happy to help!

What You Should Know About Obesity in Dogs

Thu, 18 May 2023 19:56:38 GMT

When you see pictures of a large, noticeably chubby dog, the sight might seem cute or amusing at first glance. However, a closer look at that extra fat reveals a more sobering picture. Obesity can lead to numerous health problems and shorten your dog's life expectancy unless you take steps to treat or prevent it.

If you want to give your beloved dog the happiest, healthiest, longest life you can, you need to understand the problem of canine obesity, from its common causes and health complications to the most effective ways to help your dog keep unwanted weight off. Start by absorbing the following key points on the subject.

1. Why You Should Care About Canine Obesity

According to the American Kennel Club, an estimated 56 percent of dogs carry more weight than they should. Unfortunately, this problem has grown so commonplace that the majority of owners can't tell the difference between normal weight and obesity in their dogs. As a result, obesity often goes untreated.

Obesity can threaten your dog's health in many ways. Fat has inflammatory properties and places body tissues under oxidative stress. These effects can raise a dog's risk for diabetes, urinary stones, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. It can also worsen osteoarthritis in weight-bearing joints.

A dog of healthy weight will often outlive an obese dog of the same breed. However, your dog doesn't have to carry an absurd amount of extra weight to experience a shortened lifespan. Even a few extra pounds could reduce your dog's life expectancy by a couple of years.

2. Why Dogs Gain Excess Weight

A dog's weight can spiral out of control for many reasons. An owner may fail to adjust a puppy's diet after that puppy reaches adulthood. Since adult dogs require fewer calories than puppies, the excess can easily turn to fat. Dogs who receive table scraps also receive too much fat for their bodies to process easily.

Other physical challenges can cause or aggravate obesity in dogs. A senior dog with arthritis may naturally slow down, accumulating fat instead of burning it off through activity. Hormonal imbalances can also cause obesity.

3. How to Help Your Dog Shed Unwanted Pounds

If you suspect that your dog weighs too much, schedule a wellness evaluation. Your veterinarian can place your dog on a scale while also measuring its shape according to a body conditioning scale. Lab tests can determine whether some underlying disorder has contributed to unwanted weight gain.

Dietary strategies represent the first line of treatment against canine obesity. Your veterinarian may prescribe a special diet or simply recommend the elimination of large portions or table scraps. You can safely replace fatty treats with canine-friendly foods such as pumpkin, melon, green beans, and baby carrots.

Sedentary dogs may need to burn more calories to get back to a healthy weight. Your veterinarian can recommend an exercise plan that suits your dog's age, weight, and baseline health. You may need to start with short, easy exercise sessions, increasing the difficulty level as your dog's fitness improves.

4. How to Keep Your Dog From Getting Fat

Once your dog has reached a healthy weight, you must exercise diligence to help it maintain that weight level. If your dog hasn't grown obese, smart preventative measures can prevent the problem from occurring. Either way, ongoing weight management practices can help your dog thrive for many years to come.

If a prescribed weight-loss diet helped your dog lose weight, your veterinarian may now change that prescription to a weight-maintenance diet. A daily exercise routine will also help your dog remain trim. Interactive feeding toys can combine the two approaches by making your dog work for its treats.

Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic can help you keep your dog's weight under control so it can avoid the dangers of obesity. We offer preventative wellness exams and programs for puppies, adult dogs, and geriatric animals. Contact our office today to schedule an evaluation and any necessary treatment for your dog.

6 Ways to Exercise Your Dog

Mon, 03 Apr 2023 14:33:48 GMT

If you have a canine companion at home, chances are you have noticed how much energy they have. Exercise is important for your dog to stay healthy and happy. Explore six tips on how to exercise your dog. Whether you have a small lap dog or a large energetic breed, there's an activity on this list that's perfect for every pup.

1. Walking, Running, Jogging, or Hiking

Taking your dog for a walk provides them something to look forward to and allows them to expend some of their energy. A jog or run with your dog raises their heart rate and can help them improve their endurance. Hikes are a terrific way to explore and discover new areas, and it can also be a great way to bond with your dog. All these activities contribute to your dog's health, strength, and happiness.

2. Game of Fetch

A game of fetch with a Frisbee, tennis ball, or other fetch toys can help your dog exercise because it challenges them to run, leap, and move fast to recover the item. This exercise works their muscles and raises their heart rate, as well as psychologically stimulate them as they seek and return the item to you.

You can even train your dog tricks like catching or retrieving many items at once, depending on how you play. This training can assist enhance your bond with your dog while also providing a fantastic workout.

3. Nose Work Games

You can conceal treats about the home and have your dog look for them, which will both mentally and physically stimulate them. Nose work games that include stairs might improve this fitness activity even more. This type of activity encourages your dog to find the treats with their natural sniffing talents, which helps them strengthen their sense of scent and keeps them cognitively busy.

Also, movement around the house to find the rewards provides physical activity for your dog, which helps to keep them in shape. Snacks and praise for finding the treats also help to keep them interested.

4. Swimming

Swimming is a low-impact exercise that can boost your dog's muscle mass and range of motion, which makes it particularly good for dogs with mobility concerns like arthritis. Swimming is also a weightless workout, making it an easier kind of workout for your dog.

Note that not all dogs enjoy swimming, so make sure your dog is at ease in the water before bringing them for a swim. If your dog enjoys swimming, you can take them to public swimming pools, hydrotherapy facilities, public beaches, or dog parks with a water feature.

5. Hide and Seek

Hide and seek is a great way to get your dog moving. The game motivates them to use their innate scent-tracking talents to find you. This game aims to improve their cognitive capacities by having them use their brains to remember where you have hidden in the past.

Furthermore, hide and seek is a terrific way to burn off physical energy as kids run about the home looking for you. Finally, hide and seek is a good activity that you and your dog can indulge in together, which makes it a terrific opportunity to bond and exercise your canine.

6. Tug of War

Tug of war is a terrific game to help your dog develop impulse control since it hinges on them understanding and respecting the rules — if their teeth touch your hand, the game is over. This activity is also a terrific type of workout because your dog will tug against your strength to win. Tug is an excellent technique to tire out your dog, and you can even use it as a kind of reward-based training.

Another aspect of your dog's health is a regular veterinary visit for regular checkups or medical intervention if they fall ill or get injured. Visit us at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic for canine veterinary services.

What Causes Cat Drooling? What Should You Do If Your Cat Does This?

Sat, 25 Mar 2023 14:42:49 GMT

Has your feline friend started drooling? Are you worried they may be sick?

Cat drooling is a common behavior and doesn't always mean your cat's health is at risk. However, the issue may occur due to a health problem. When you know more about the causes of cat salivating, you can easily take the right action for your feline friend's care.

Normal Instances Where a Cat May Dribble

You don’t always have to worry all the time if you see a cat drooling. Learn about some common times this might occur.

Traveling

Vehicle motion and fear may make the cat drool. Familiarize the feline with the basket and car a few days before traveling. Consider placing the carrier down on the traveling day so they don't see the movement. Also, avoid using winding roads and withhold food.

Feeling Happy

When a cat is relaxed or content, it'll knead on blankets or the lap, which may cause drooling. These pets like kneading their mother's teats while feeding to encourage milk flow, so when this happens later, this could mean they anticipate food.

However, if your feline friend constantly drools and they have other symptoms, you may need to act fast. They might have a health condition and need treatment.

Medical Reasons That Cause Cat Drooling

Whenever a cat has a mouth problem that's causes pain or irritation, it may drool. Their bodies produce additional saliva to soothe the throat and mouth and eliminate irritants. Other health issues may cause drooling, so keep reading to learn more.

Dental Disease

Older felines are likely to have some form of dental problem. If your feline has a dental condition like periodontal disease or a condition that affects its tongue, gums, or top part of the mouth, it may drool. These issues are more common in older cats, who may eat less or have smelly breath. Sometimes, they groom less or get withdrawn because of the chronic pain.

Foreign Item

Cats like to move around the yard and can bite on various things. If an object like a plant or stick gets stuck in their teeth or gums, they may drool. The situation can become dire if the object gets stuck in the throat. In such a case, the salivating may be accompanied by swallowing difficulties and face pawing.

Nausea

Each time your furry friend becomes nauseous, this could point to health conditions like liver, kidney, or gastrointestinal disease and toxin ingestion.

Most cancerous conditions and infections that affect the gastrointestinal tract may cause nausea. You may notice signs like diarrhea, vomiting, or abrupt weight loss.

Liver and kidney conditions occur due to toxin accumulation, which causes nausea. Symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, too much urination and thirst, loss of appetite, and behavioral changes accompany these conditions. Drooling may also occur.

Oral Trauma

You may notice slavering if your furry friend has suffered an oral injury or mouth trauma. Common issues like a puncture or cut, fragmented teeth, and jaw fractures can lead to excessive pain and drooling.

In other cases, trauma can occur due to fish hooks or wooden chips. Also, cats that like to hunt and feed on insects may get stung, resulting in pain, which eventually causes drooling.

Tumors

Tumors in the dental area can affect your feline friend. The tumors usually develop in the dental cavity and cause pain, swallowing challenges, and irritation.

If you realize your furry friend drools a lot and has additional symptoms, bring them to a veterinarian. The vet will diagnose the cause of the constant salivating issue and prescribe proper treatment. At Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic, we can help identify why your cat drools and provide medication. We also treat other conditions affecting pets, so do not hesitate to contact us for more information.

How Do You Prepare Your Cat for Surgery?

Tue, 29 Nov 2022 01:21:14 GMT

Numerous conditions may require your cat to have surgery. For instance, surgery may be the only way to save the cat's life if your cat has internal bleeding, skin lacerations, or bladder stones.

You may feel anxious about your cat undergoing surgery as a pet owner. However, you can do things to help them — and yourself — feel more prepared. Discover tips to prepare your cat for surgery.

Ensure the Cat Is Up-to-Date With Immunizations

This step is ideal some days before the surgery to ensure the cat's body is in top condition. Some vaccines stimulate the cat's immune system but require at least a few days to be most effective. Therefore, don't wait until the last minute to immunize your pet.

Keep Up With the Cat's Medication

Your pet is likely already on some form of medication to manage the condition for which they need surgery. Observe the dosage and routine the veterinarian prescribed to ensure that your cat's body is as strong as possible before the surgery.

Update the Cat's Diet

Your veterinarian will advise you on whether or not to change your cat's diet before surgery. Stock up on the appropriate food a few days in advance so that you don't have to worry about it on the day of the surgery.

Your vet may also advise you not to feed your cat anything 12 hours before the surgery to ensure that their stomach is empty. And as hard as watching them go without food may be, follow this advice to avoid complications.

For example, the anesthesia may relax the cat's swallowing reflex. Consequently, food or vomit could end up in the cat's lungs and cause pneumonia.

Prepare the Cat's Room

Your cat will need a quiet, comfortable place to recover after the surgery. Prepare the pet's room and ensure it's clean and safe post-surgery. For instance, put away any toys or objects that could hurt them during recovery. Change the bedding, and get rid of litter that could irritate their skin.

Place food and water within easy reach so the cat does not move around too much when they're hungry or thirsty. Finally, consider getting a cat condo or some other soft bedding for them to lay on.

Ensure the Cat Gets Adequate Rest

Your pet will require a lot of energy to heal after surgery. Therefore, let them rest as much as possible in the days and weeks leading up to the surgery. Give them plenty of cuddles and keep them calm to help lower their stress levels.

Maintain the Usual Morning Routine

On surgery day, try to keep your cat's morning routine as normal as possible. This tip means feeding them at the usual time if possible and letting them outside if they typically go outdoors.

Get to the Veterinarian's Office Early

Plan to arrive at the vet's office minutes before the surgery. This tip will allow you time to complete any necessary paperwork and ask final questions. The idea will also help your cat feel less anxious if they're not rushed on the day of the surgery.

Your vet will prepare your pet for surgery, and you may need to wait in the reception area during the procedure.

The tips above can make the surgery process much smoother for you and your cat. Most importantly, choose a reliable and experienced veterinarian to perform the surgery. With the right team, your cat will return to their old self in no time.

You can trust us to provide the best possible care for your cat. We have a team of skilled and compassionate veterinarians dedicated to providing the highest quality of care. Contact us today to schedule an appointment.

Dog Pregnancy: Signs and Care Tips

Thu, 22 Sep 2022 15:38:53 GMT

Most people love puppies. But, caring for your dog that is pregnant presents unique challenges that you might be unable to handle if you are unprepared.

If you plan on breeding your dog, you might need to know how to identify the signs of pregnancy and what care your dog requires throughout the pregnancy so that she remains healthy and has healthy puppies. Use this guide to dog pregnancy care.

Signs of Dog Pregnancy

Unlike humans, you do not have the option of picking a pregnancy test for your dog at the pharmacy. However, some signs will tell you if your dog is pregnant. They include:

Weight gain
Appetite changes
A swollen belly
Enlarged nipples
Nesting behaviors
Decreased activity
Morning sickness

Note that some of these signs may also indicate that your dog is ill. Therefore, take your dog to the vet to rule out the possibility of sickness. Your vet will also perform a diagnostic test to determine for sure whether your dog is pregnant.

Care for a Dog That Is Pregnant

Once your vet confirms that your dog is pregnant, you can take some steps to ensure she stays healthy throughout the gestational period. Below are some ways you can take care of your pregnant dog.

Ensure Proper Nutrition

Proper nutrition is essential for your pregnant dog, as it sustains her during pregnancy and afterward during lactation as she faces enormous pressure to feed her litter. If your dog is already at a healthy weight, your focus will be to maintain that weight. Your vet can recommend what to feed your dog to ensure she maintains a healthy weight.

As your dog's weight increases during the last weeks of pregnancy, gradually increase her food intake. The amount of food your pregnant dog requires depends on the size of her litter.

However, an increase in food consumption in a pregnant dog results in a weight increase. Thus, do not give your dog large meals as this may cause her discomfort. Instead, feed her small frequent meals.

Be Intentional With Exercise

Your dog will need to be physically fit to deliver her litter. Thus, exercise is essential during pregnancy. Going for regular walks keeps your dog healthy and helps avoid pregnancy complications.

Most dogs can maintain their regular exercise routines for up to eight weeks of pregnancy. As your dog approaches her eighth weeks of pregnancy, she becomes heavier and may begin to slow down. Start reducing the length and time of your dog's walks during this period.

During pregnancy, your dog will exercise less to avoid expending energy, so do not force your dog to exercise when she doesn't want to.

Take Your Dog for Checkups

Regular checkups at the vet ensure your dog remains healthy and up-to-date on her vaccinations. During your first vet visit, your vet will tell you how often you need to take your dog for checkups. They will also examine your dog for illnesses and any anatomical issues that could prevent her from safely whelping her litter.

Your dog can pass roundworms and hookworms to her unborn puppies or through milk after birth. Therefore, during the checkups, discuss with your vet which worming treatments are safe for your dog during pregnancy.

Prepare for Nesting

Your dog will need a comfortable place where she can give birth and rest afterward while taking care of her puppies. The nest needs to be in a quiet, private space where no one will disturb your dog. You can cover a large cardboard box with bedding to make a nest for your dog.

Pregnancy does not have to be a stressful time for you and your dog. The more you know ahead of time, the easier things will be for you and your pet. Your vet is also an asset during your dog's pregnancy because they will advise you on the best practices to care for your dog during this period. Contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic today, and let us help you care for your pregnant dog.

Ringworm in Dogs and Cats

Wed, 27 Jul 2022 03:23:34 GMT

Does your pet have ringworm? Even though this may sound like a parasite, ringworm is a fungal infection common in cats and dogs. If your pet has a questionable skin irritation or similar issue, take a look at what you need to know about ringworm, diagnosis, and veterinary treatment.

What Is Ringworm?

Ringworm isn't an actual worm. While it does have the parasite's name in its title, this pet infection starts with a fungus. Instead of the cause of the infection, the name comes from the ring-like rash that develops on the skin.

According to the Merck Veterinary Manual, the fungus Microsporum canis causes nearly 70 percent of ringworm infections in dogs. Microsporum gypseum causes another 20 percent and Trichophyton mentagrophytes is at fault for 10 percent of canine infections. The leading cause of ringworm in dogs is the culprit behind 98 percent of cat cases.

What Are the Symptoms of Ringworm in a Pet?

This fungal infection affects the dog or cat's skin, fur, nails, or claws. Both dogs and cats may have bald spots, crusty patches of skin, and broken hairs and fur in the affected areas. A dog with ringworm may also have smaller-sized skin bumps that look like acne marks. Cats may also have small bumps on the skin. These typically itch, forcing the cat to persistently scratch.

Some pets may also have open or bleeding sores. These can result from over-grooming or scratching itchy skin. The risk for this potential problem makes it important to treat the fungus as soon as possible.

Along with scaly, red, or irritated skin, a pet may have shredding on the surface of their claws. This only happens if the ringworm infection affects the nail area.

Why Do Pets Get Ringworm?

Ringworm is an extremely contagious disease. Dogs and cats can get this fungal infection from direct contact with another animal, a human, or even a contaminated object (such as a towel, pet bed, blanket, or grooming tools). This type of disease does not spread through the air or in respiratory droplets.

Who Should Diagnose Ringworm in a Pet?

Never attempt to diagnose ringworm in your dog or cat. While knowledge of the symptoms and what to look for can make pet owners more aware of the potential for an infection, this disease requires a professional veterinary diagnosis.

The vet will need to examine your dog or cat, look at the irritated patches or lesions, and may recommend a fungal culture. A culture can help the veterinarian to know whether a fungus is responsible for the skin reaction and which fungus is at fault.

Why Should You Call the Vet as Soon as Possible?

Don't take a wait-and-see approach with a suspected case of ringworm. The infection could worsen, spread, cause your pet to scratch away their fur or skin, move to other animals in the house, or infect human household members. This pet disease doesn't discriminate and can affect cats, dogs, and people equally.

Can You Treat Ringworm in a Dog or Cat?

Yes, this fungal infection is treatable. Like a diagnosis, the treatment plan requires the knowledge and experience of a licensed veterinarian. Avoid over-the-counter human antifungal medications. Your pet's body doesn't react the same to some medications as you do. The size and weight difference and physiology of a dog or cat make it important to only use pet medication that a vet recommends.

After the vet diagnoses your pet with ringworm, they will prescribe an antifungal treatment. Follow the vet's directions for use precisely. These medicated products could include dips, shampoos, or oral treatments. The type of treatment the vet chooses depends on your pet's healthcare needs, their size, and the severity of the infection.

Do you need to learn more about ringworm and pet fungal infections? Contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic for more information.

Importance of Regular Checkups for Your Pets

Thu, 26 May 2022 03:23:52 GMT

As important as regular visits to the doctor are to you, regular vet visits are essential to your pet. The importance of regular checkups is almost as similar to pets as they are to humans. Take your pet for checkups either annually or after every six months.

To keep you informed, discover a few reasons why regular checkups for your pets are important.

Your Pet Remains Healthy

Regular visits to the vet help diagnose health issues with your pet before they escalate into significant problems. A professional vet will do several tests on your pet and present you with a full report on your pet's health status. You can tell if your animal friend is fine and healthy or needs treatment from the information the vet presents to you.

You Save Money

Prevention is better than cure; prevention is also less expensive than treatment. A complete treatment for your pet is more expensive than a checkup. Identifying and treating health issues with your pet early enough will save you thousands of dollars that you could have otherwise used in long-term medical treatment.

You Save Your Pet From Suffering

Pets are masters at hiding pain. Your pet well is adapted to persevere considerable amounts of pain and act normal. You will only notice something is wrong with your pet when the suffering becomes too much and the pet can't hide it anymore. Regular checkups are essential in uncovering pain and diseases with your pet and saving your animal friend from suffering.

Your Pet Lives Longer

As much as we wish them to, pets rarely live as long as we do. Losing a pet can be as sorrowful and heartbreaking as losing a loved one. Diseases make it even harder for your pets to live as long as they should. When, however, you focus on ensuring your pets live a disease-free life, they are more likely to live much longer than when they frequently battle illnesses.

Give your animal friend a shot at a longer life by booking vet visits now and then.

You Get Professional Advice

Visits to the vet don't always end up with your pet getting treated. Your ideal vet can offer some advice on what to do to better your pet's health. You also get access to the latest health information and updates. For example, if an update on a disease outbreak is available, your pet could be one of the lucky pets to get a vaccine.

You Get to Adhere to State Laws

Pets have rights, and some states have laws to enforce animal rights. When you own a pet, you must cater to its health needs. Treatment and regular checkups are part of animal rights. Failing to offer treatment to your pet could lead to possible lawsuits and heavy fines. A lawsuit and penalties have a more significant financial impact than a mere checkup and treatment.

To avoid landing on the wrong side of the law, review your state's laws on animal rights and adhere to them accordingly.

You Strengthen Your Relationship With Your Pet

Our relationship with our pets allows us to live harmoniously as friends. Taking care of your pet's health is one way of showing love and affection. Even though your pet can't put it in words, the care you give draws your animal friend closer to you. Based on their behavior, you can tell your pet is happy and comfortable around you.

Your pet's health is vital to you and the pet and should be a priority. Contact us at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic if you need a professional veterinarian who can take care of your pet.

3 Signs Your Pet Needs Grooming

Fri, 01 Apr 2022 21:59:44 GMT

Do you know that about 90.5 million American families own a pet? If you own a pet, grooming them is a significant aspect of their health and wellbeing. Proper grooming makes your pet neat and helps get rid of ticks and fleas. More importantly, you can catch underlying health conditions early on.

Cats and dogs can groom themselves, but this is not enough to keep them clean. Thus, taking them to a vet or professional groomer once in a while is crucial. But how do you know your pet needs grooming?

Discover three signs to watch out for.

1. Long Nails

Dogs can trim their nails naturally if they stroll on sidewalks, roads, and other paved surfaces. However, if the dog spends most of its time on soft surfaces or grass, the nails can eventually get too long, making it painful or uncomfortable to walk.

Neglected nails in dogs can lead to significant health problems. For instance, the claws are more prone to tearing, chipping, breaking, and splitting, which can be very painful for the pet.

Nail trimming is equally crucial for cats. Untrimmed nails often curl and grow into the footpad, causing intense pain. The nails also damage your carpet, furniture, and other items in your home.

In this context, a vet should trim your pet's nails regularly. How do you know if the nails are too long? Physically examine your cat's or dog's nails to see if they need trimming. Alternatively, check if the pet makes clicking sounds when they walk on laminate or hardwood floors. In such a case, schedule an appointment with a professional groomer.

2. Signs of Parasites or Pests

Cats and dogs are prone to pest and parasite infestation, mainly ticks and fleas. Without routine grooming, these pests find their home on the pet's fur, damaging their skin and negatively impacting their overall health.

Check your pest every day for pests and other parasites. Also, keep an eye for other signs of parasite infestation, including:

Intense licking, biting, or scratching
Hair loss
Unusual bumps or red pimples
Pale gums
Sores

Parasite and pest infestation gradually worsen and can spread to family members and other animals in your home. Since pests feed on nutrients and blood, your dog or cat might appear weak and more fatigued. The pet could also contract deadly diseases from the pests.

During a grooming session, a vet provides a warm bath to get rid of harmful ticks, fleas, mites, bugs, and germs. The bath also helps relieve dry, itchy, and irritated skin. More importantly, it removes dirt and dead hair that act as a hiding place for common parasites.

3. Dirty and Matted Fur

Dirty and matted fur is among the most recognizable signs your pet needs to see a groomer. Outside activities are crucial for pets as they help keep them in good shape. However, as dogs and cats run and play, mud, dirt, and debris build on their fur and skin, making them dirty.

Matted and dirty fur not only makes your pet uncomfortable but is also detrimental to its health. For instance, dirt and debris can lead to bacterial infection and skin damage. A professional groomer cleans your cat or dog and makes them clean and healthy again.

If you notice any of these three signs, schedule an appointment with a groomer. Even in the absence of these signs, frequently take your pet to a groomer. This frequency depends on your pet's breed, hair length, and lifestyle. For personalized grooming of your pet, contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic . We look forward to seeing and helping you and your pet soon.

4 Steps Toward a Cat-Friendly Household

Tue, 08 Feb 2022 16:44:33 GMT

The addition of a cat to your family can bring you and the cat many years of happiness - but only if you take the necessary measures to ensure the cat's safety and wellness around the house. Even the most comfortable and loving home can harbor potential dangers for curious felines, nine lives notwithstanding.

You can give your cat a safer environment once you recognize some of the most common threats in your home and what to do about them. Start by following these four simple steps toward a more cat-friendly household.

1. Minimize the Electrical Threats

Wireless technology may have done much to reduce residents' dependence on electrical cables, but many everyday appliances still plug into the wall or into other devices. Unfortunately, cats may treat electrical cords as toys, chewing on them due to teething urges, boredom, or simple curiosity.

This chewing habit can prove hazardous both for your cat and for your human family members. A cat who chews through a wire's outer insulation may receive an electrical shock or serious burns. The frayed cord may then go on to start a fire as electricity passes through the bare, unprotected wiring.

Limit your cat's access to electrical cords and wires as best you can by running them through plastic protectors or inside the walls of your home. If your cat chews things out of boredom, try playing with it more frequently or giving it some new chewable toys. A scratching post offers another outlet for excess energy.

2. Secure the Toxic Substances

A cat's finicky eating habits can actually do it a lot of good in certain situations. Cats lack some of the liver enzymes that help other animals process a wide range of ingested substances, meaning that they can prove especially vulnerable to toxins. These toxins can inhabit many common household foods and products.

Curious cats love to explore countertops and cabinets. Make certain that all medicines, cleaning supplies, and other chemicals rest behind securely cat-proof doors. Take the same precautions with the automotive fluids and other substances in your garage, including any puddles or antifreeze or motor oil on the garage floor.

Many innocent-seeming household foods and decorations can have toxic effects on cats. Don't give your feline a chance to nibble on plants such as azaleas, chrysanthemums, lilies, tulips, or mistletoe. Don't feed your cat human foods such as garlic, chocolate, yeast dough, raisins, or the sweetener xylitol.

3. Watch Out for Foreign Objects

Even the most finicky cats may eat odd things from time to time. For instance, cats who suffer from a nutritional deficiency may feel compelled to eat dirt. In most cases, however, ingestion of foreign objects occurs out of everyday curiosity. The trouble starts when these objects cause damage to the cat's delicate insides.

Some ingested foreign objects may include sharp surfaces that pierce or lacerate the cat's esophagus or intestines, while others may create dangerous internal blockages. Inspect your home regularly to remove any small items such as pins, tacks, pebbles, twist ties, or plastic debris that your cat might consume.

4. Introduce Other Pets Carefully

Cats will fight to protect their territory. If you introduce a new pet into the household without making the proper preparations, your cat may get agitated or anxious, possibly engaging in conflicts with this animal. To minimize your cat's fear and emotional stress, make these instructions carefully and gradually.

Start by keeping the new pet in a separate, blocked-off space, with its own feeding bowl, water bowl, bedding, and toys. Swap out the pets' blankets or bedding occasionally so they can get used to each other's scent. Bring down these barriers gradually until the two pets can share space and resources with minimal fuss.

Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic can advise you on a variety of ways to keep your cat healthy and happy in the home, from smart safety measures to preventative wellness tips. Contact us today with any feline health concerns or questions you may have.

4 Noteworthy Nasal Symptoms In Dogs

Tue, 23 Nov 2021 18:31:26 GMT

Dogs depend on their highly sensitive noses to detect everything from food and potential mates to possible dangers. As a dog owner, however, you might find your canine's nose is equally useful to you. Certain nasal symptoms or changes in the nose's appearance can serve as a warning of an underlying health problem.

The more easily you can spot these potential trouble signs and recognize their meaning, the more effectively and appropriately you can respond to them. Pay attention to the following four symptoms involving your dog's nose.

1. Runny Nose

Pets can suffer from a runny nose just as humans can, and for many of the same reasons. A clear fluid discharge from your dog's nose most commonly points to either a minor infection (such as the common cold) or allergies. Both of these issues may also cause watery eyes and sneezing bouts.

If your dog's runny nose doesn't go away on its own, your veterinarian may check the nasal passages for any foreign objects that might cause irritation (especially if only one nostril is running). Allergy testing can help identify specific allergens that your dog may need to avoid, from foods and pollen to dead skin cells.

2. Thick or Discolored Discharge

A thick, opaque discharge typically signals some sort of infection above and beyond the ordinary cold. A bacterial or fungal infection can produce a thick yellow or green discharge. The presence of pus in the discharge could mean that your dog has a growth called a nasal polyp, and that requires surgical removal.

If you see thick and/or discolored fluid coming from your pet's nose, seek veterinary care. Your veterinarian may need to prescribe antifungal or antibiotic medications to get the infection under control. Surgery can remove polyps that cause nasal discharge or interfere with your dog's breathing.

3. Nosebleeds

You may find the sight of your dog suffering a nosebleed understandably alarming. However, this dramatic symptom may occur due to minor trauma or irritation from a foreign body. Even sinus pressure from one of the infections noted above can cause some blood to appear in your pet's nasal discharge.

Other underlying health challenges can also make your dog vulnerable to nosebleeds. Examples include high blood pressure, blood clotting disorders, and exposure to toxins that can damage their internal organs. Your veterinarian can check for and treat these problems.

If your pet experiences a significant nosebleed, try to keep it calm to prevent blood pressure from rising and apply a cold compress to its nose. If these measures don't stop the bleeding, bring your dog to the vet clinic for an evaluation.

3. Exterior Changes

Your pet's nose doesn't necessarily have to produce any kind of discharge to warn you of potential health issues. For instance, a healthy dog's nose typically looks wet. If your dog's nose takes on a dry, cracked appearance, the animal may suffer from dehydration, especially if you notice that it has dry gums as well as a dry nose.

A dry nose doesn't always mean that your pet needs veterinary help. Older dogs typically develop a dry nose. Strenuous exercise and cold, wind, or sun exposure can dry out a dog's nose temporarily. Even an ordinary sleep period can contribute to dryness since your dog won't lick its nose as frequently during sleep.

Over time, you might see your dog's nose change color from its usual black to pink. Veterinarians aren't exactly sure what causes this relatively common color change, known as snow nose . Changes in your dog's biochemistry, environmental shifts, or even the consumption of food from plastic bowls may contribute to the condition.

Thankfully, snow nose doesn't affect a dog's overall health and wellness. Occasionally, however, a loss of nose pigment can indicate an underlying health problem that merits evaluation and treatment, such as an autoimmune disease or cancer. Get your dog's health checked just in case.

If your pet's nose looks odd to you or starts misbehaving, make an appointment with Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic. We can conduct a thorough evaluation, diagnose the problem (or put your mind at ease about a non-problem), and provide any necessary treatment.

Feline Calicivirus: Frequently Asked Questions

Mon, 04 Oct 2021 19:39:39 GMT

Cats can experience many of the same kinds of viral and bacterial infections as their human owners. Some diseases, however, pose threats specific to these animals. One such disease known as feline calicivirus (FCV) can cause both uncomfortable symptoms and potentially serious complications.

As a concerned cat owner, you'll want to learn what you can about FCV's risk factors, symptoms, and complications, as well as any diagnostic, treatment, and preventative measures that might restore and preserve your favorite feline's health. Check out these frequently asked feline calicivirus questions and their answers.

Why Do Cats Get Feline Calicivirus?

Although the germ that causes feline calicivirus (a member of the Caliciviridae virus family) poses no threat to humans, it spreads extremely easily among cats. For this reason, felines who spend time in catteries, animal shelters, boarding facilities, and other environments that host multiple cats have an elevated infection risk.

Even when the keepers of such an environment take care to disinfect the space, traces of FCV can remain alive on surfaces, presenting a future infection risk to other cats. This disease threat may linger for up to one month . Additionally, a human who handles an infected cat may transmit the disease to a healthy cat.

What Symptoms and Complications Can Feline Calicivirus Cause?

A case of feline calicivirus may take up to 14 days to show symptoms. When those symptoms finally arrive, they may resemble those of a bad cold at first. For instance, your cat may develop a runny nose, discharge from the eyes, loss of appetite, and a mild fever. The eyes may show signs of conjunctivitis (pinkeye).

The virus also presents other symptoms more specific to FCV. Look for signs such as lameness, mouth or tongue ulcers, drooling, breathing problems (a complication related to pneumonia), and a high fever. Jaundice or swelling of the face and legs could mean that the disease has damaged your cat's internal organs.

Feline calicivirus usually runs its course within three weeks . However, many cats will continue to carry the virus for months or even for the rest of their lives, making them a potential infection threat to their fellow cats.

How Do Veterinarians Deal With a Case of Feline Calicivirus?

Your veterinarian can tell you whether your cat has feline calicivirus. The mouth and tongue ulcers, in addition to other external symptoms, may prove sufficient to make a diagnosis. To confirm that diagnosis, the veterinarian may examine tissue and discharge samples and run them through laboratory tests.

Veterinary medicine currently lacks an antiviral drug that can stop FCV in its tracks. Instead, your veterinarian will concentrate on measures to control the symptoms and complications. For instance, if your cat has developed pneumonia as a complication, antibiotics can help tame the pneumonia and restore normal breathing.

Other supportive treatments can help your cat feel and function better during the weeks it may take for the infection to die out. Examples include medication to ease joint pain, eye drops to treat conjunctivitis, and in severe cases, a feeding tube to help cats with painful mouth ulcers receive nourishment.

How Can You Protect Your Cat Against Calicivirus?

The most powerful single preventative measure against feline calicivirus involves vaccination against the disease. Veterinarians routinely include this vaccine in the core vaccinations recommended for all cats. If you've kept up with your cat's core vaccination schedule, your cat already enjoys this protection.

Unfortunately, since FCV can assume a variety of variations and mutations, no one vaccine can offer total protection against the disease. However, even if your vaccinated cat does get FCV, it should suffer much less serious symptoms and complications than it would without that protection.

Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic has the experience, skills, tools, and compassionate approach your cat needs, whether it suffers from FCV or any other nasty infection. Contact our office today to schedule an exam, treatment, or any necessary preventative vaccinations.

3 Steps to Take If Your Dog Has Diabetes

Wed, 28 Jul 2021 14:55:22 GMT

If your vet has diagnosed your dog with diabetes, you may wonder if they can live happily with this condition. Thankfully, when the condition is well-managed, diabetes doesn't have to affect your pet's quality of life. Here are three tips to help you manage this condition.

1. Visit a Vet for an Initial Check-up

Dogs can experience Type 1 diabetes, which occurs when insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed, or they can experience Type 2 diabetes, where hormones in the body prevent insulin from operating correctly. Insulin is required to transfer glucose, or sugar, from the bloodstream to the body's cells. Without proper insulin functioning, your dog can accumulate high levels of blood sugar (hyperglycemia).

You'll want to schedule some appointments with a vet to figure out the proper dosage of insulin for your pup. Your vet will take blood samples periodically for a couple of hours to get a feel for your dog's regular blood glucose levels. Besides getting your dog set up with insulin therapy, you'll want to visit a vet so that they can check for diseases that are commonly seen in diabetic dogs. For example, periodontal disease commonly affects diabetic pets, so your vet may recommend more frequent dental cleanings for your dog.

2. Know the Factors That Affect Insulin Requirements

Although your dog may stay on the same insulin dosage for some time, dosage levels can change due to a number of factors. Insulin requirements are affected by:

Other infections/diseases
Exercise regimens
Weight gain or loss
Diet/water consumption
Medications

If any of these elements change at all, you need to consult with your vet so that your dog gets the correct insulin dosage. There are even apps you can use to record your dog's glucose curves so that you can track these types of changes.

3. Prepare Yourself for Hypoglycemic Episodes

You may already know the signs of hyperglycemia - like cloudy eyes, UTIs, frequent urination, and weight loss - since these types of symptoms may have alerted you to your dog's diabetes in the first place. However, you should also understand the signs of hypoglycemia. If too much insulin is given to a dog, they can actually develop a drop in their glucose levels, which can in turn affect their neurological functioning.

If you know the factors that affect insulin requirements, you can help your dog avoid both hyper- and hypoglycemia. However, if your dog does develop hypoglycemia, you may notice that they experience:

Muscle twitching
Pale or discolored gums
Excessive urination
A loss of appetite
Muscle weakness
Swelling around the neck

Your vet may have you use a solution of glucose, like corn syrup, to help your dog recover from a hypoglycemic attack. You should never pour a sugary solution directly in your dog's mouth since they could accidentally aspirate. Instead, you should dip your fingers into the solution and rub it on your dog's gums. The sugar solution will be able to absorb quickly into the bloodstream that way.

If your pet perks up, your vet may also recommend that they be given a small amount of food before being transported to the vet's office. If the hypoglycemic episode has caused a seizure or rendered your dog unconscious, that's a medical emergency and you'll want to get them to your vet right away.

You may want to make an emergency preparedness kit with your vet's contact info, some glucose tablets, and other necessary supplies so that you will have the tools you need should your dog experience this kind of emergency.

Reach out to us at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic for more information on how to manage your dog's diabetes.

Giardia in Pets: Frequently Asked Questions

Fri, 28 May 2021 16:11:56 GMT

Pet owners need to watch out for many different kinds of parasites, from external predators such as fleas and ticks to the various internal parasites that can invade an animal's gastrointestinal tract. Among the latter group, a protozoan commonly known as giardia can cause serious illness or even death.

Fortunately, most cases of giardiasis (the proper medical term for giardia infection) respond well to veterinary care. Even so, you need to understand this problem's causes, effects, and available treatments, as well as smart strategies for preventing such infestations. Check out the answers to these frequently asked giardia questions.

Why Do Pets Suffer From Giardia Infestations?

Giardia includes a variety of protozoa subspecies, any of which can infest amphibians, birds, and mammals. These protozoa may make their home wherever a host animal has deposited infected feces, which contaminate soil and water.

Pets who drink contaminated water or lick their feet after walking on contaminated soil can easily ingest giardia microorganisms. The parasites then make their way to the intestines, where they transform into cysts. When the pet defecates, the cysts enter surrounding soil and water, becoming mature protozoa awaiting new hosts.

What Symptoms Can Giardiasis Produce?

Healthy animals with a relatively mild giardia infestation may show no symptoms at all. When symptoms appear, they usually include severe diarrhea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydration. Your pet may lose weight and then have trouble regaining it. These issues call for immediate veterinary treatment.

Certain pets may prove particularly vulnerable to giardia's worst effects. These pets include baby animals such as puppies and kittens, senior pets, and animals with impaired immune systems. If your pet belongs to any of these categories, you should take the risk of giardiasis especially seriously.

How Do Veterinarians Confirm a Case of Giardiasis?

Because the telltale symptoms of giardiasis can also indicate other digestive diseases and disorders, veterinarians must run lab tests to confirm the diagnosis. In addition to direct examination of fecal samples, fecal and blood sample analysis can indicate whether the immune system has produced antigens against giardia.

What Treatment Methods Can Help a Pet Suffering From Giardiasis?

The first step in treating giardiasis may include medications that treat both the infestation itself and any dehydration caused by its effects. Although you can't purchase over-the-counter drugs for the treatment of giardiasis in pets, your veterinarian can prescribe a drug such as metronidazole, fenbendazole, or albendazole.

Your pet's symptoms may improve before it has actually eliminated all the giardia from its system, meaning that it can still pass the parasite on to others. Keep bringing your pet to the veterinarian for follow-up lab tests until no sign of the giardia infestation remains, at which point you can finally consider your pet cured.

How Can You Prevent Giardiasis Infestations in Your Home?

If you have a pet currently undergoing treatment for giardiasis, you need to keep your household scrupulously clean to prevent any expelled parasites from infesting other pets in your home (or re-infesting the same pet). Disinfect food and water bowls, litter boxes, bedding, toys, and other such items as often as possible.

This hygiene practice can also serve as an ongoing preventative measure. Bathe and groom your pets regularly to remove any traces of the parasite that their coats or paws may have picked up from an outdoor romp. Don't let your pets drink from puddles, creeks, or other water sources that might harbor giardia.

Fortunately, humans run little risk of contracting giardia from a pet, at least compared to the risk of one dog or cat infecting another. However, giardia can survive in water or soil for months, so you should wash your hands after exposure to either. Remember also to wash your hands after handling pet feces or used litter.

Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic can help your pet recover from giardiasis and provide you with ongoing advice for keeping your special friend as healthy as possible. Contact our office to set up an appointment.

4 Things Cat Owners Should Know About Hairballs

Mon, 29 Mar 2021 03:10:12 GMT

Pet owners often feel alarmed when an animal suddenly or repeatedly vomits. However, while vomiting in cats can signal an acute or chronic health problem, it more commonly occurs (usually without ill effects) due to the production of hairballs in the digestive tract.

If you have recently entered the world of cat ownership, you may find yourself unfamiliar with this unpleasant by-product of normal cat grooming practices. Learn four things about hairball causes, symptoms, and management.

1. Why Cats Vomit Hairballs

Cats ingest a great deal of hair as they groom themselves with their tongues. Because this hair consists primarily of an indigestible substance called keratin, most of it passes all the way through the digestive system intact, eventually turning up as cylindrical excrement in the litter box.

Some of the hair that your cat ingests remains in the stomach instead of moving into the intestines. Since the stomach cannot break down the keratin, it can only expel the hairball by making your cat vomit it back up. A typical cat may produce at least one hairball every couple of weeks .

2. Factors That Increase Hairball Production

Certain breeds of cats naturally produce thicker or longer coats, causing them to ingest more hair and have more trouble with hairballs. Ragdoll, Himalayan, and Persian breeds fall into this higher-risk group. However, any cat may experience an increase in hairballs during the spring months, when they start to shed thickened winter coats.

Age can play a role in a cat's hairball production. For instance, kittens' coats may not compare in length or thickness to those of adult cats, resulting in less hairball trouble. By contrast, senior cats not only have full coats to manage, but they also tend to spend more time grooming themselves than kittens do.

Some cats spend more time than they should on grooming in response to skin irritation. Mites, fleas, food allergies, and skin diseases or injuries can produce such irritation. Other cats may have an obsessive-compulsive behavioral disorder that causes obsessive grooming and hairball production.

3. Hairball Symptoms

Some cats may vocalize just before vomiting up a hairball. All cats will make retching, gagging motions, and sounds as the hairball actually comes up. You may see a small amount of greenish bile next to the hairball.

Pay attention to any repeated retching, gagging, or vomiting that doesn't produce hairballs. These symptoms may indicate that a hairball has gotten lodged in the digestive tract, or it may occur due to some other potentially-serious health issue. Lethargy, constipation, or diarrhea may also signal that your cat needs veterinary attention.

4. Strategies for Treating and Managing Hairballs

If your veterinarian suspects that your cat suffers from a hairball-related related digestive blockage, Xrays and other diagnostic techniques can either locate the offending hairball or determine whether another ailment causes your cat's symptoms. Your cat may need intensive treatment with laxatives or, in extreme cases, surgical hairball removal.

A diagnostic examination may reveal an underlying skin ailment or irritation that requires treatment. Once your veterinarian has successfully treated this problem, your cat may indulge in less grooming. This professional can also recommend remedies to help manage obsessive-compulsive grooming behaviors.

Even if you have a long-haired cat, you can take certain preventative measures to reduce its hairball production. Have your cat professionally groomed and/or brush it regularly at home to remove loose hair that might otherwise get ingested. Ask your veterinarian about shampoos or other hair products that might reduce shedding.

Cats with chronic or recurring hairball problems may benefit from high-fiber dietary formulas or medications that help the hairballs pass through the digestive system more easily, preventing dangerous blockages. However, you should consult your veterinarian for specific recommendations before feeding your cat these kinds of products.

Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic can provide you with advice and strategies for more effective hairball management, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of many other feline vomiting issues. Contact our office to schedule an evaluation or consultation.

4 Skin Problems That Can Afflict Dogs

Tue, 26 Jan 2021 16:39:23 GMT

Unless you happen to own a hairless breed of animal, you may rarely see or notice the state of your dog's skin under its usual covering of fur. However, skin problems can cause serious irritation and potential health complications. These skin issues sometimes involve hair loss as well as unsightly lesions and other symptoms.

Thankfully, prompt veterinary evaluation and treatment, along with sensible home care practices, can help your pet maintain healthier, more comfortable skin. You'll also need to recognize potential threats as soon as they appear. Keep an eye out for the following conditions, and get them checked out as early as possible.

1. Dermatitis

Many common substances can cause irritation when they touch an animal's skin. This reaction, contact dermatitis, may appear as dry, flaky, itchy, inflamed patches of skin, sometimes accompanied by fluid discharge. If your pet scratches, bites, or licks the inflamed skin, the skin may develop a secondary infection.

Environmental allergens can also cause the hallmark symptoms of contact dermatitis. Common triggers for contact dermatitis in dogs include mold, pollen, and household dust mites. Irritant contact dermatitis may stem from contact with poison oak, lawn chemicals, soaps, topical medications, and even sunlight.

Treat for contact dermatitis hinges on pinpointing the underlying irritant or allergen. Once you know what substance has created the symptoms, you can take steps to have your pet avoid it going forward. In the meantime, antihistamines, anti-inflammatory treatments, and soothing shampoos to remove the offending substance can provide relief.

A food allergy can also produce dermatitis symptoms. This development may occur even in dogs who have consumed the same food for years without previous problems. Allergy testing and experiments with dietary changes can help to isolate the allergen in question.

2. Parasites

External parasites remain an ongoing threat to your dog's skin. For instance, tiny mites can cause a big problem known as mange. Mange typically produces itching, redness, and patches of hair loss on the legs and face. Demodectic mange often affects very young, old, or sick dogs, while sarcoptic mange can affect practically any canine.

Fleas can cause contact dermatitis through the saliva in their bites, which often triggers an allergic reaction. Both flea and tick bites can cause your dog to bite, scratch, or lick at the irritation. This can damage the skin further, allowing bacteria to settle in and create a secondary infection.

Medicated shampoos and ointments can remove these external parasites and soothe irritated skin. Your veterinarian may also prescribe antibiotics if your dog has developed an infection. However, the most effective measure involves the use of regular pest prevention products to keep these invaders away from your dog's skin.

3. Tumors

Skin tumors commonly afflict dogs. If you feel an unusual bump or lump on your pet's body, you may have discovered a tumor. Fortunately, most skin tumors in dogs prove benign. Some tumors, however, have the ability to metastasize (spread to other parts of the body), with potentially life-threatening results.

Since early diagnosis can make a big difference in malignant tumor treatment, your dog should receive regular wellness exams that include skin evaluations and lab tests. Your veterinarian will remove and analyze any suspicious lumps. Treatment for a malignancy may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.

4. Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases can sometimes lead to skin symptoms (among other problems) in dogs. In an autoimmune disease, the body's immune system mistakenly mounts an attack against its own tissues. One common example, discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), creates crusty open sores around a dog's paws, eyes, and nose.

A biopsy of a skin sample can confirm the diagnosis of this autoimmune skin disease. However, since bacterial infections often develop alongside DLE, your veterinarian may need to get such an infection under control first. Treatments include topical steroids, systemic anti-inflammatory drugs, and immune suppressants.

The professionals at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic can help you optimize your dog's skin health for years to come. Contact our clinic today to talk to an associate and set up an appointment.

Managing Arthritis in Your Senior Dog

Wed, 25 Nov 2020 15:51:22 GMT

As your dog ages, you may notice that they don't move quite like they used to. While dogs do tend to mellow in their activity levels when they get older, slowing down too much could be a sign of arthritis.

Arthritis can manifest on its own, or it can be a symptom of serious conditions, like hip dysplasia or cranial cruciate ligament disease. Read on to learn how you and your vet can treat your senior dog's arthritis.

How Can a Vet Diagnose the Issue?

When you visit the vet, they will likely perform a physical exam to see how your dog's limbs and joints move. The vet may order imaging tests, like X-rays, CT scans, or even an MRI to see how soft tissues are working. X-rays are the most common diagnostic tools because they show changes in bone structure. If your dog is diagnosed with arthritis, the good news is that you can manage the condition in a lot of different ways.

How Can Your Vet Help Your Dog?

Like with other medical conditions, your vet will likely want to start with more conservative treatments. Here are a few things your vet can do.

They Can Provide Nutritional Supplements

According to a study in the Veterinary Medicine and Science Journal, dogs that were treated with nutritional supplements showed improvements in clinical signs such as joint swelling, lameness, range of motion, and pain.

Your vet may recommend a supplement like glucosamine, a chemical compound found in cartilage, or they might recommend fish oil supplements since they contain omega-3 fatty acids that can reduce inflammation.

They Can Offer Cold Laser Therapy

Cold laser therapy is a non-invasive procedure where your vet will use a laser on the surface of your dog's skin to stimulate cell regeneration and blood circulation. Cold laser therapy causes the release of endorphins, which are hormones that have a pain-relieving effect.

The great thing about cold laser therapy is that it can be used for both early arthritis and late-stage arthritis. This therapy can help your dog improve their mobility and possibly reduce the need for medications like NSAIDs.

They Can Perform Surgery

While surgery is often a last resort, it can be beneficial for senior dogs whose arthritis is caused by other conditions, like cranial cruciate ligament ruptures. During surgery, a vet can remove painful joint components or fuse joints together to reduce pain and possible deformities.

What Can You Do to Make Your Dog More Comfortable?

Here are just a few things you can do at home to help your senior dog with arthritis.

Control Their Weight

Because your senior dog may move more slowly, it's easier for them to pack on the pounds. Ensure that your dog is the right weight for their age and breed because extra weight can place more strain on joints that already hurt from arthritis.

If exercise is too painful for your dog to lose the weight, ask your vet about portion control. At home, you should avoid giving your dog table scraps and focus on feeding them the right foods every day.

Purchase Products That Improve Mobility

Ramps, dog shoes, anti-skid mats, and other products can make it easier for your dog to navigate your home. Even a firmer, orthopedic dog bed can be helpful in improving your dog's mobility since they will get better sleep and won't have as much pressure on their joints when resting.

Trim Their Nails

If your dog is less active than they used to be, their nails could grow out much more quickly and be a problem. Long nails can cause your dog to slip and fall more easily. Long nails can also push into your dog's toes and cause them to place their feet differently, thus placing more strain on joints. In short, keep your dog's nails properly trimmed so that walking isn't even more of a challenge.

Reach out to us at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic for more information.

How Can You Protect Your Pets During Wildfire Season?

Mon, 28 Sep 2020 22:58:17 GMT

When wildfires approach, you should ensure the safety of your family. If your family includes furry friends, then their safety is of paramount importance as well. Keeping your pets safe during a wildfire can be challenging, but you can take steps to ensure that they remain happy and healthy no matter the situation.

As with most emergencies, the key is to prepare and to recognize the signs of danger. The three tips below will help you to protect your animals, especially if you live in an area that's currently under threat from fire or smoke.

1. Keep Animals Indoors and Maximize Indoor Air Quality

Your pets may be especially sensitive to particulate matter from wildfires. Even if the fires are not close to your home, you may still have a significant degradation in your yard's air quality. Allow animals outside only for short periods and only as necessary. If the fires are nearby and outdoor air quality is low, avoid letting animals out at all. Never allow your animals outside unsupervised during fires.

Air quality inside of your home can also be a concern. You should keep windows closed when possible and only open exterior doors when necessary. You may also want to consider upgrading your home's HVAC filter to a higher efficiency model, which will allow it to remove more particulate matter from the air. You can also create a room for your pets with a freestanding air filter.

While the concentration of smoke is high, minimize interior activities that can impact air quality. If possible, avoid using fireplaces, stoves, sprays, and anything else that can stress the ability of your home's air filtration system. Although altering your behavior in these ways can be inconvenient, your pets (and the rest of your family) will thank you.

2. Recognize the Signs of Distress

Even if you do everything right, your animals can still become exposed to smoke. The symptoms of smoke inhalation in most animals are similar to humans, but your pets are less able to tell you that something is wrong. Since they can't ask you for help, you'll need to be especially aware of their behavior anytime the outdoor air quality becomes dangerous.

If your animals cough or have clear difficulty breathing, move them to an area with clean air and contact your veterinarian immediately. Additional signs of smoke inhalation include wheezing, disinterest in food or drink, and listlessness or excessive sleepiness. Never ignore any unusual symptoms following smoke exposure, no matter how minor they may seem at the time.

Smoke inhalation can result in long-term complications for pets, so act if you suspect that your animals may be suffering. If you do not feel that any room in your home offers a reprieve from the smoke, then evacuating to a safer location may be your best option. Temporarily locating to an area clear of the smoke is often the healthiest option for both you and your pets.

3. Include Pets in Your Emergency Plan

Pets can often become lost during wildfire season. Although rescue personnel reunite many of these pets with their families, the experience can be stressful for everyone involved. Becoming lost during your evacuation also increases the chances that your pet will suffer from severe smoke inhalation or worse.

The best way to avoid these scenarios is to include your pets in your evacuation plans. If you do not believe that you can easily transport your animals during an evacuation order, then consider moving them to safety before the situation becomes critical. Some municipalities offer shelters for pets during emergencies, so this may be an option worth considering.

If you are at all concerned about your pet's health during wildfire season or at any other time, do not hesitate to contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic . We are here for you to help with both emergencies and routine care for your pets.

5 Things to Know About Dogs and Heatstroke

Fri, 24 Jul 2020 21:11:44 GMT

Unlike humans, dogs don't sweat. This means they can't cool off as easily as humans do. Because these furry friends have a harder time cooling off, dogs can easily get heatstroke during the warmer months of the year. The more you know about heatstroke, the better you will be able to protect your dog from getting it.

Discover five things to know about dogs and heatstroke.

1. Know What Heat Exhaustion and Stroke Are

Before a dog gets heatstroke, they will first experience heat exhaustion, which occurs when a dog's temperature is higher than their normal body temperature. A dog's normal body temperature is between 101 and 102.5 degrees F . Anytime their temperature is higher than normal, this is cause for concern.

If your dog has been in the heat, a higher-than-normal temperature usually indicates heat exhaustion. The higher the temperature, the worse the condition. If the dog's body temperature gets too high, heat exhaustion turns into a heatstroke.

2. Know What Causes Heatstroke

Besides being outside in the heat and humidity, other things contribute to heatstroke in dogs.

Some of these contributing factors include:

The dog doesn't have access to water.
The dog has been confined to an area without adequate ventilation.
The dog has exercised or played hard.

Dogs with specific characteristics are more prone to heatstroke than others. For example, dogs with short noses can't pant as well as other dogs to cool down, which means they are more likely to experience heatstroke. Dogs that are hyperactive, obese, or have a long, thick, or dark-colored coat are also at an increased chance of heatstroke.

To prevent your dog from getting heatstroke, always make sure they have water available to them and a shady spot to rest when they are outside in the heat and humidity. Don't ever leave your dog in a vehicle with the windows closed. If the weather is really hot and humid, just leave your dog at home.

Pay especially close attention to dogs that have characteristics that make them more prone to heatstroke. One of the best ways to prevent heatstroke in dogs is to realize how you feel in the heat. If you are too hot, your dog is too.

3. Know the Symptoms of Heatstroke

You should always pay close attention to your dog when they are outside in the heat. If you notice any of the following symptoms, your dog might have heatstroke:

Uncontrolled bloody diarrhea
Loud or harsh panting
More-than-usual drooling
Rapid heart rate
Dry nose
Seizures
Unresponsiveness
Pale mucous membranes

If you notice any of these symptoms, take your dog to a cool area. You should offer your dog water to drink as well.

You may also want to take your dog's temperature with a rectal thermometer. If the temperature is too warm, you may want to soak your dog in the tub in lukewarm water. If your dog's temperature exceeds 105 degrees F., you should contact your veterinarian.

4. Know the Complications of Heatstroke

Heatstroke can be detrimental to a dog's health. Heatstroke can cause your dog to have seizures or go into a coma. If the body temperature is really high, your dog's organs will begin to shut down and its heart will stop beating. For some dogs, heatstroke is fatal.

If you attempt to cool your dog down at home, but your dog gets worse, you should take your pooch to the vet.

5. Know Where to Take Your Dog for Heatstroke

If you live in the Hayward, California, area and think your dog might have heatstroke, contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic. Our veterinarians provide a full range of veterinary services , including emergency and urgent care.

What to Know About Your Cat and Dental Disease

Fri, 22 May 2020 15:38:28 GMT

Does your cat have dental disease? If you suspect your feline friend's teeth or gums are at fault for their off or uncharacteristic behavior, take a look at the top dental health questions pet owners have answered.

Is Dental Disease Common in Cats?

Even though you won't see felines in the dentist's office chair, cats can still have oral issues. According to the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, dental disease affects 50 to 90 percent of cats over the age of four. While this doesn't mean your middle-aged or older cat will have dental disease, without adequate prevention, it is a possibility.

What Are the Most Common Types of Feline Dental Disease?

Periodontitis, gingivitis, and tooth resorption are the top issues for cats. If periodontitis and gingivitis sound familiar, these two oral issues are problems people may also experience. Both are gum disease and can eventually lead to jaw bone and tooth loss.

Like in human cases, gingivitis is the milder form of gum disease and periodontitis is the more severe type that (if left untreated) can progress into serious dental issues.

Do Cats Get Cavities?

Cats don't develop cavities - at least, not like humans do. Instead, cats can suffer from tooth resorption. Tooth resorption impacts up to 60 percent of cats ages five and up. This oral issue starts with dentin erosion and eventually leads to total tooth destruction. The rate or destruction may vary among teeth. Think of this type of feline dental disease as the cat version of a human cavity.

What Are the Signs of Feline Dental Disease?

Some cats may not have any signs of dental disease. This makes regular (at least annual) veterinary checkups important. Not only will the vet examine your cat's body, but they will also check their teeth and gums.

Signs of gum disease in cats often include the symptoms you may see in a human - redness, swelling, and bleeding. While your cat can't tell you they're in pain, discomfort is also a sign of gingivitis or periodontitis. But your cat may not act like themselves or may not eat/have trouble eating.

Tooth resorption may also make eating painful for your cat. Along with eating issues, this type of dental disease can also cause discoloration or loss of the tooth. A pinkish area at the bottom of the tooth (where it meets the gums) is a late sign of this condition.

What Types of Feline Dental Treatments Are Available?

The specific treatment for feline dental disease depends on the problem. Gum massage can help to keep your cat's teeth healthy and possibly prevent gingivitis. But this type of preventative treatment isn't always easy for a cat owner to accomplish. If you suspect your cat has a gum or tooth disease, contact the veterinarian as soon as possible. This is not an issue to treat without professional help.

The vet may prescribe medication to treat the pain and stop the spread of infection. If the tooth is beyond repair (and hasn't fallen out on its own), the vet may need to remove it in the office. Less severe dental issues may require a dental cleaning. The vet can do this in the office or may recommend a feline toothpaste to use at home.

Never use human toothpaste or dental products for your cat. These often contain ingredients that are toxic or harmful to felines.

Can Diet Help to Prevent Feline Dental Disease?

Along with regular vet visits, in-office cleanings, and other at-home care (prescribed by the vet), you may need to change your cat's diet. A healthy diet can contribute to a healthy mouth. Discuss the ingredients to look for in a quality cat food with the veterinarian. The vet may also prescribe a specialized food for your cat to try at home.

Does your cat need a dental exam? Contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic for more information.

3 Ways to Keep Your Dog's Teeth Healthy

Wed, 25 Mar 2020 14:19:37 GMT

Like their human owners, dogs can have poor oral health. In fact, about 85 percent of dogs over the age of 4 have some kind of gum disease. Other oral health issues that dogs experience include cracked or loose teeth, tooth abscesses, and infections.

One of the best things you can do improve your dog's oral health is to keep their teeth healthy. Here are three ways to do just that.

1. Choose the Right Dog Food and Supplements

Proper nutrition plays a huge role in maintaining your dog's health. Eating the right dog food ensures that your dog is getting enough proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. The food your dog eats also plays a vital role in keeping their teeth healthy.

Many special dog foods can help to remove tartar and plaque from your dog's teeth, as well as reduce tooth disease. To choose the best food for your dog's teeth, make sure it contains the Veterinary Oral Health Council seal on the package. You will also want to choose dog food that doesn't have any added sugar.

Besides the right dog food, you can give your dog certain supplements that will optimize their oral health. Some of these supplements include:

Antioxidants, such as Nrf2 and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10).
Fatty acids, such as Omega 3 and 1-Tetradecanol complex.
Biodent, which consists of ground bone, minerals, and organ meats.

One more supplement that your dog's teeth will benefit from is probiotics.

2. Find the Right Dental Chew Toy

Dogs love to chew on things. Since you don't want your dog chewing on your personal belongings, you should give them a dental chew toy. Not only will this give them something to do, dental chew toys will help keep their teeth healthy.

Dental chew toys help to keep your dog's teeth clean by removing plaque and tartar as they chew on it. Dental chew toys come in a variety of sizes so you can easily pick the right one for your dog. You should note that some types of chews can cause more harm than good. Some dog chews to avoid include:

Cow hooves
Deer antlers
Nylon chew toys
Pig's ears
Ice cubes
Sticks

The above items are much too hard for your dog's teeth. Instead of keeping your dog's teeth healthy, the above items can actually damage your dog's teeth. Besides that, things like sticks can cause puncture wounds inside your dog's mouth.

Some people also avoid giving their dogs bones. If you do give your dog a bone, make sure it is raw as cooked bones tend to soften and splinter.

3. Brush Your Dog's Teeth

Brushing your dog's teeth is one of the best ways to keep your dog's teeth healthy. While you may be tempted to use a regular toothbrush, you are better off to purchase a canine toothbrush. You will also want to use a pet toothpaste since human toothpaste will probably upset their stomach. You will only need a peasized amount of toothpaste.

For optimal tooth health, you should brush your dog's teeth two to three times a week. Brushing your dog's teeth should only take 30-60 seconds. If you've never brushed your dog's teeth, they may not tolerate it at first. Try to make it fun for your dog and be sure to reward them with a treat afterward. Along with brushing your dog's teeth, you should get them professionally cleaned once a year.

If you're concerned about your dog's teeth, contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic. We provide dental services , which includes digital dental x-rays. Getting your dog's teeth is examined is the first step to healthy teeth and improved oral health.

Prepare for Your New Kitten's Comfort and Health

Fri, 24 Jan 2020 19:52:09 GMT

When you get a new kitten, you should immediately make plans to keep him or her in good health. Kittens require vaccinations at specific intervals as well as other health assessments as they grow. Here are some things you should have in place when you get your new kitten and what your veterinarian will check during your kitten's first examination.

Your New Kitten's Essential Supplies

Before your kitten even steps into your home, you'll want to have everything you need to keep your kitten healthy, comfortable, and protected from getting hurt. Here is a list of essential items for your kitten.

Litter Box and Litter

Make sure your kitten has a litter box that is easy to climb in and out of, and ensure they know where it is located. If your kitten is restricted to only one area, then keep the litter box close by until they are old enough to move about more freely.

Food and Water Bowl

The food and water bowl should both be shallow enough so that they can reach the food but not large enough for them to play in them. Place a mat underneath the bowls to guard against spills.

Food Appropriate for Kittens

Kittens have different nutritional requirements than adult cats to accommodate their growing bodies and energy levels. Kitten-specific dry food also often contains smaller kibbles that are easier for small mouths to eat.

Parasite Medications and Treatments

Choose kitten-appropriate flea, heartworm, and tapeworm medications. Read the package carefully and look at the age-related dosage levels. Use the proper dosage for your kitten's age and size. If your kitten is very young, then see a veterinarian before you treat for parasites.

Toys

Kittens need toys to chew, especially as their adult teeth erupt. Plus, toys keep kittens from getting bored. Always supervise your kitten with any toys that have strings and small parts that could harm them.

Pet Carrier

A loose kitten in your car is not safe for either you or your kitten. Your kitten could be hurt if they crawl under the foot pedals or even under the seat. You also need a carrier if you ride public transportation.

Your New Kitten's First Health Exam

As soon as you get your kitten settled, bring them in to a veterinarian for a general exam. And remember to bring along any health records that you have received when you adopted your kitten. Your kitten's first exam will likely consist of the following checks:

A teeth check to ensure that all the kitten teeth are in good health and have erupted normally
An anus and genital area check for any abnormalities that may cause problems later
A temperature check to see if your kitten has a fever that could indicate an illness or infection
A heart and lung check to ensure their proper functions
An abdomen check for any signs of bloating, organ problems, or hernias
An eye and ear check to look for any signs of vision and hearing problems as well as ear mites

If necessary, your veterinarian might also perform laboratory tests, such as a blood test, to check for feline leukemia virus or feline immunodeficiency virus, or a fecal test for parasites. At this time, you should also make plans to spay and neuter your kitten if that has not already been done.

A new kitten takes planning and preparation. When you take your kitten to the veterinarian, be sure to ask about a care plan and schedule. When you are ready to bring your kitten in for his or her first checkup, Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic should be your first choice. Call us today to set up an appointment for a kitten wellness exam.

What You Should Know About Feline Dementia

Fri, 22 Nov 2019 20:18:01 GMT

Cats are often said to have nine lives because they are seemingly able to endure and survive many neardeath encounters. Unfortunately, just like every other living creature, they have only one life to live, and just like humans, an older cat can develop dementia, or feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome. Here is what cat owners should know about this disease.

What Is Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome?

Feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome is a disease that appears to directly correlate to an aging brain. A cat with feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome shows deficits in learning new things and recalling things they have already learned. They also show decreased reaction to stimuli. Feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome is not dissimilar to Alzheimer's disease in humans.

Why Do Cats Develop Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome?

Improved healthcare isn't just extending people's average life expectancy - it is likely extending a cat's lifespan as well. Cats often live until they are 20 years of age or more. This is the equivalent of a person living to be about 100 years old. But feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome is more than just old age.

No one knows what the specific cause of feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome is. Though it may be a genetic component. Nutritional and environmental factors may also play a role. Additionally, changes seen in the brain in post-mortem studies are similar to the changes seen in people with Alzheimer's disease, such as a buildup of plaque in the brain and cerebral blood vessels.

What Are the Symptoms of Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome?

If your aging cat exhibits any of the following symptoms, they could be showing signs of feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome.

Confusion and disorientation
Anxiety and agitation
Forgotten learned behaviors
Changes in sleeping patterns
Changes in energy level
Excessive meowing
Antisocial behavior
Lack of grooming
Extreme irritability

However, many changes take place in living organisms as they age. Health issues such as arthritis result in chronic pain and irritability. Frequent urinary tract infections and kidney failure can cause toileting problems. Dental issues may result in poor appetite. Your veterinarian should rule out these conditions and/or treat them before diagnosing dementia.

Twenty-eight percent of cats who are 11-14 years of age show at least one symptom associated with feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome. This figure jumps to 50 percent in cats 15 years of age and older.

How Is Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome Treated?

There is no cure for feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome, and the disease is progressive. Your veterinarian may recommend dietary supplements to help with the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Additionally, the American Association of Feline Practitioners supports the off-label use of a psychoactive drug normally used in dogs with the disorder.

How Can You Help Your Cat With Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome?

Cats are creatures of habit and tend to be very set in their ways. Most cats do not appreciate change and could become more stressed.

Make subtle changes that may help your cat. For example, if they seem to have toileting issues, add a second litter box to an area where they spend a lot of time. Provide new toys to stimulate their interest. Keep your household calm and do not introduce new pets. Feed them a diet rich in Vitamin E and antioxidants, which can help retard aging effects. Your vet can recommend the best food for your cat.

If you are concerned your cat's behavior isn't just a normal part of aging, contact us today. We will give them a thorough examination to determine if they may have underlying health problems that are adversely affecting their behavior or if they are developing cognitive dysfunction syndrome.

3 Benefits of Routine Vet Visits for Your Feline Friend

Wed, 25 Sep 2019 13:48:46 GMT

Responsible cat care means more than providing food and shelter. As a concerned cat owner, you must recognize the importance of routine veterinary examinations. The benefits of regular vet checkups include detecting illness and disease early on and so much more.

If you need further convincing, here are benefits to taking your cat companion to the veterinarian on a regular basis.

1. Preventing Serious Health Issues Later on

Preventative care is essential if you want your feline friend to live a long and healthy life. During your routine visits, the vet may inoculate your pet to prevent disease. Vaccinations may protect your kitten or cat from contracting serious or fatal diseases, such as rabies, feline leukemia, and feline distemper.

As a major part of preventative care, a veterinarian may also examine your pet for fleas, ticks, and other external parasites. If necessary, a vet will prescribe treatment or recommend a course of action. You may also be advised on the best methods for preventing fleas and ticks from affecting your cat. Prevention is important, as pets are at risk for developing complications from ticks and fleas.

Another part of preventative care during wellness exams is checking your cat's weight. Because obesity may lead to health problems, your vet may recommend a special diet if your cat needs to lose weight.

You may also prevent health issues and complications by having your vet take routine blood tests. Blood tests will check for organ function and possible medical problems, such as diabetes. If caught early on, health issues may be treated to prevent serious complications later.

2. Providing Dental Care or Treatment

Cats need routine dental care to maintain good oral health. Your vet can check for problems during regular checkups. Your vet may detect signs of problems, such as gum disease, or tartar and plaque buildup. If gum disease is not detected and treated early on, your cat may develop an infection that needs special treatment.

In addition, your vet may educate you on the most effective way to help your cat maintain good oral health. You may be shown how to properly brush your cat's teeth and be advised on special dental treats, such as dental chews, to offer your cat that may help eliminate tartar. Your vet may also advise you of signs your cat has a problem with its teeth and gums.

During routine vet exams your vet may order x-rays of your pet's teeth. A dental cleaning on a regular basis may also be beneficial.

3. Identifying and Correcting Behavioral Problems

Has your once docile cat suddenly become aggressive? Has your feline friend stopped using the litter box in favor of the bathtub? Has your furniture become a victim of your cat's constant scratch and destroy missions? Behavioral problems may need the advice of an expert, namely your cat's veterinarian.

To get to the bottom of behavioral issues, your vet may ask some questions. Have you recently moved to a new home? Have you added a new addition, such as another cat or pet to your household? Did you change your cat's diet recently? Your vet may help you determine the cause of the problem and provide some sensible solutions for correcting it.

Even if your feline companion does not have outward signs of health problems or behavioral problems, routine vet exams are essential for your pet's well-being, Schedule an appointment today at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic and ask us about future wellness checkups. Be proactive in your cat's routine care and enjoy a healthy relationship for a long time to come. Call us for any assistance you might need.

5 Ways to Keep Your Dog Safe Around Water

Tue, 27 Aug 2019 15:16:23 GMT

Whether you live near the water or you spend your spare time at a nearby body of water, take steps to protect your dog from drowning. About 5,000 pets drown in family pools each year. That statistic doesn't account for the number of pets that drown in oceans, lakes, and rivers. Luckily, there are steps you can take to keep your dog safe around water.

1. Teach Your Dog to Swim Safely

If you haven't invested in swim lessons for your dog, now's the perfect time to. Many people assume that dogs are natural swimmers. Unfortunately, that's not entirely true. While most dogs can handle a basic doggy paddle for a few feet, they can't all hold their own in a larger body of water.

To make sure your dog doesn't drown, give them swim lessons at an early age. Canine swim lessons train your dog to keep themselves safe when they're in water.

2. Invest in a Canine Life Jacket

If you have a dog and you spend any amount of time on - or around - the water, invest in a canine life jacket. You know that young children need to have a life jacket on when they're around water. However, you might not realize that your dog has the same need.

You never know when your dog is going to jump into the water. If you have a body of water that's accessible on your property, your dog should have their life jacket on each time they head outside, whether they're supervised or not. You need to make sure they're protected. When you head to the beach, lake, or river, your dog will need their life vest on for those activities as well.

3. Wait for the Right Time to Swim

If your dog enjoys dips in the pool on a hot day, wait for the right time to let them jump in. If they go for a swim on an empty stomach, or right after eating a large meal, they're at an increased risk for bloat or stomach torsion, which is a potentially fatal condition in which the stomach flips top to bottom and twists.

To protect your dog from both of these conditions, you should give your dog a light meal and then wait about 30 minutes before they enter the water.

4. Prevent Unsupervised Water Time

Finally, if you have a pool in your yard, or you own waterfront property, take steps to prevent unsupervised water time. This step is particularly important if your dog has a natural love for the water. If they fall in the water while you're not present, or while they don't have their life jacket on, they could drown.

To reduce the risk, take steps to prevent unsupervised water time. For pools, place a secure gate around the perimeter. For lake and river safety, install an alarm on the doggy doors. That way the alarm will sound each time your dog leaves the house, so you can go with them and supervise their water time.

5. Learn Canine CPR

If you and your dog spend any amount of time on the water together, you need to enroll in a canine CPR class. Your dog can drown in just a matter of minutes. If your dog suffers a near-drowning, you can save their life if you know how to perform CPR.

Once your dog has recovered from the event, transport them to the nearest emergency veterinary center. The vet will perform a medical checkup to identify any medical concerns and ensure that your dog's lungs don't contain any residual water.

Don't take chances with the safety of your dog. Use the tips provided here to keep your dog safe when they're around water. If you're in the Hayward, CA, area, and you would like additional water safety tips for your dog, contact us at Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic.

What Can a Professional Groomer Do for Your Cat?

Mon, 01 Jul 2019 18:35:18 GMT

Many people regularly take their dogs to the groomer, but taking cats to the groomer seems to be less common. Cats, in general, do a better job of keeping themselves clean than dogs. But there are several benefits of taking your cat to a professional groomer regularly. Here are some of the ways a professional groomer can help your cat.

Remove and Prevent Mats

When a cat is unable to properly clean its coat, the coat can develop mats, which are tight tangles of hair. Mats can cause skin irritation and discomfort, and they're difficult to comb out - often, they must be trimmed away.

Long-haired cats are at high risk for mats, as are overweight cats who can't reach certain areas of their body. A professional groomer can safely remove mats from your cat's coat and also detangle and brush the hair to prevent additional mats from forming.

Ease Uncomfortable Skin Conditions

Does your cat have dry, itchy skin? Perhaps they have feline acne around their face, or maybe they have stud tail, a condition that causes acne-like bumps around the base of the tail. A groomer can use soothing shampoos and rinses to ease the discomfort these skin conditions cause. They can work with your veterinarian to come up with an effective treatment routine.

Check for Fleas and Ticks

As your groomer works their way through your cat's coat, they will keep an eye out for any fleas. If fleas are present, the groomer can use a flea shampoo that gets rid of the parasites without stinging any skin that has been irritated by the fleas.

Your groomer will also check for ticks, which are less common in cats than in dogs, but which can spread diseases like Lyme disease. Groomers know how to remove ticks safely and effectively, and they can also preserve any ticks they do find to be tested for Lyme disease.

Clean Ears

Some cats do not do a very good job of cleaning their ears. Poor self-grooming leads to a buildup of wax and dirt, which increases your cat's risk of an ear infection.

Your groomer can clean inside your cat's ears with a special, mild cleanser that won't cause irritation. They know just how and where to clean without causing damage to the delicate ear structures. If your groomer discovers symptoms of an ear infection, they will refer your cat to a veterinarian for further treatment.

Trim Nails

Having your cat's nails trimmed every few weeks is a kind alternative to declawing and helps prevent your cat from ruining your carpet, furniture, and drapes. Many owners are not adept at trimming their own cats' nails, but professional groomers have the right tools and skills to do so safely and without hurting your cat.

Express Anal Glands

Cats have glands to the side of their anus that are meant to release pheromones. Sometimes these glands become blocked, which causes itching, unpleasant odors, and infections. Not all cats need their anal glands expressed, but if yours does, your groomer can handle the job.

Expressing the anal glands as needed can help keep your cat from rubbing their bottom on items in your house, and it can prevent painful abscesses in the future.

Like dogs, cats can benefit from regular visits to the groomer. For the best experience, look for a groomer who is associated with a veterinary office. This way, if your groomer discovers an issue such as an ear infection or abscessed anal gland, they can easily collaborate with your veterinarian to find a solution that works for your pet.

Contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic if you are looking for grooming and veterinary services in the Hayward, CA area.

Understand Dog Food Labels

Tue, 30 Apr 2019 19:20:14 GMT

Food products must contain labels listing their ingredients. While you may know how to read the labels on the foods that you consume yourself, reading the label on the food you feed to your dog might be more of a challenge.

A balanced and complete diet can help your dog stay healthy and enjoy better skin, teeth, and energy levels. Since the food that you provide is the primary source of nutrition for your pet, you need to learn how to read dog food labels so that you can identify the food that will best meet the nutritional needs of your dog.

Ingredient List

Just as foods intended for human consumption must list ingredients, dog food companies are required to place a list of ingredients on the labels of their products as well. The list is arranged by weight. The heaviest ingredients are listed first. This arrangement allows you to identify the rough percentages of each ingredient that is included in the dog food.

You want quality ingredients to be located near the beginning of the ingredient list. This indicates that the food contains a higher volume of these quality ingredients. Things to look for near the top of the ingredient list include meat, chicken or bone meal, and other proteins.

Byproducts

Don't be alarmed if you spot byproducts in the list of ingredients on the food you provide for your dog. Although humans might balk at the thought of consuming animal byproducts, your dog can actually benefit from many of the byproducts incorporated into dog food.

Organ meats are labeled as byproducts in dog food. These byproducts contain many essential B vitamins and omega fatty acids that can contribute to greater overall health for your dog. In fact, experts suggest that roughly 10% of an active dog's diet should be organ meats.

Contact the manufacturer to find out what they consider to be byproducts, then select a dog food whose byproduct contains valuable organ meats.

Preservatives

You will probably see some ingredients listed that have chemical-sounding names. Some of these ingredients are utilized as preservatives, while others might be artificial colors or stabilizers that help extend the shelf life of the dog food. The FDA has approved the use of these artificial ingredients in small doses that will not cause harm to your dog.

However, you might want to avoid certain preservatives as you shop for a quality food product for your pet. These preservatives include synthetics like BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), and ethoxyquin.

The primary role of these synthetic ingredients is to prevent the fats in the dog food from turning rancid. The consumption of rancid fats could cause your dog to develop diarrhea and increase liver enzyme production. However, these synthetic ingredients aren't the best for your dog's health.

A good alternative is a dog food that relies on natural preservatives instead. Check the ingredient list for vitamin E (which can be listed as mixed tocopherols), vitamin C (which appears as ascorbic acid), and extracts of various plants, such as rosemary. All of these ingredients can extend the life of your dog food.

Natural preservatives won't last as long as the synthetic ones, but as long as you monitor the use-by date on the bag you can safely feed your dog a food that doesn't contain synthetic preservatives.

The right dog food will satiate your pet while contributing to his or her overall health.

Contact Alta Vista Veterinary Clinic to learn more about reading the label on dog food products. Our veterinarians can work with you to help you find the food product that is best suited to meet your dog's unique nutritional needs.